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A naturally occurring substance in the body, made in the liver from glucose, helps to stimulate the metabolism and thus helps to detoxify the body. Occurs in plants, mainly in gums. An important constituent of fibrous and connective tissues in all animals.

Components of fats or oils. The most widely used is monoglyceride citrate, although the US FDA imposes strict limits. Used as a stabiliser for sausages. lard, vegetable oils, margarines and shortenings.

cereal gluten; glutens are proteins found in the plant kingdom subclass of monocotyledonae (monocots); these plants are members of the grass family of wheat, oat, barley, rye and triticale and their derivatives, (derivatives include: malt, grain starches, hydrolysed vegetable/plant proteins, textured vegetable proteins, grain vinegars, soy sauce, grain alcohol, flavourings and the binders and fillers found in vitamins and medications.); celiac people have to avoid, celiac disease (also known as celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a chronic disease in which malabsorption of nutrients is caused by a characteristic lesion of the small intestine mucosa; used in smallgoods, packaged convenience foods, gravies and many canned products. It is also present in excipients in pharmaceutical preparations, particularly vitamin and mineral supplements.

A natural complex carbohydrate. May be made from potato or cornstarch and is generally recognised as safe. It's used in foods such as sweets, drinks, beer, ice cream, preserved fruit, milk powder, malted, 'mild', cake, biscuits, bread, and medicines. Industrial uses include: textiles, printing, dying, paper making, casting, petroleum drilling.

Peanut allergy is one of the most common food allergies, and can cause death by food anaphylaxis. About one third of peanut-sensitive patients have severe reactions to peanuts. It can affect a whole range of foods - even foods not using peanut oil but just passed over machinery that had peanut oil product pass over it previously is contaminated sufficiently to cause an allergenic reaction. Severe reactions occur within a few minutes of ingestion. Allergic persons must carry preloaded epinephrine syringes, antihistamines, and medic-alert bracelets.

An essential amino acid; the body uses it to produce some hormones (epinephhrine, norepinephrine, thyroxine) and melanin (skin pigment). Dangerous in large quantities. See Aspartame notes.
PKU (phenylketonura - a person who cannot metabolise phenylalanine)

A decongestant which helps relieve nasal congestion. Side affects are nausea, stomach upset, loss of appetite, nervous, restless, dizzy, headache, chest pain, rapid heart rate, anxiety, fear, difficult or painful urination, sleepless. Used in pharmaceutical and general cold products.

A plain peptide has 2 or more amino acids. A polypeptide has 10 or more amino acids. Formed by partial hydrolysis of proteins or by synthesis of amino acids into chains.

White powder added to beer for removing phenolic compounds, then beer is clear and has long shelf life.

A toxic alkaloid extracted from the bark of the Chinchona tree. Side affects include headache, nausea, tinnitus, blurred vision, psoriasis, anaemia, vomiting, jaundice. Used in carbonated beverages, bitters, treatment for malaria.

A salt of salicylic acid. Used in the manufacture of aspirin, dyestuffs, sweets, pies, soft drinks, sweet rolls. Large quantities can cause intestinal bleeding, gastric ulcers, asthma like reaction, tinnitus, acid-base imbalance, nervous system disturbances, vomiting, headache, irritability, ketosis, hypoglycemia, convulsions.

An amino acid produced by the joining of two amino acids methione and cysteine in the liver with the help of Vitamin B6. Diabetic and hypoglycaemic patients should only use under supervision as it may cause an effect on insulin activity. Large quantities may cause diarrhoea, peptic ulcers. Used in health food supplements dealing with liver problems.

A dangerous preservative that contains mercury which may be excreted from the body over time. The nervous system is very sensitive to all forms of mercury. High exposures to high levels of metallic, inorganic or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys and developing foetus. Shows up as irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision and hearing, memory problems. Used in vaccines and other medical products. The US FDA estimates used in more than 30 licensed vaccines and other medical products. USA and UK pay damages for proven claims for Thimerosol injury from vaccination. Use safe homoeopathic vaccines instead.

Acts as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, keeps appetite, digestive tract and nervous system healthy. Not stored in the body and must be supplied each day. High doses can cause headache, irritability, rapid pulse, trembling, weakness. Used in meat, fish, poultry, eggs, wholegrain breads, cereals.

Made from wood sugars as a by-product of the pulping process in papermaking. Allergen for hay fever and asthma sufferers. Torula S is used in baby food and cereals, Torula F is used in feed supplements for cattle, fish, chickens.

Essential element for humans, often lacking in soils. Toxic doses of zinc cause vomiting, diarrhoea, restlessness, stomach irritation, depressed immune function, anaemia, reduced HDL colestrol, increase heart attack risk. Found in sunscreen, deodorant, meat, fish, lentils, green leafy vegetables, whole cereals, brewer's yeast, cheese, milk, nuts, sunflower and sesame seeds.

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Think organic; eat organic - it's easier to digest. Without find out the exact antibiotic names, drench names and ingredients in the various chemicals injected or dosed into the animals we consume as meat, we must be aware that there are many more additives to think about. Organic meats are free of such problems. As well as chemicals sprayed or top dressed on the soils, in the water for both animals and plants cannot be a healthy chemical cocktail.
Albumin@	From eggs, blood (serum albumin), milk for coagulant and stiffener in baked goods
Alpha amylase	From pig pancreases for flour to break down any starches
Alum, aluminium sulphate	From alum rich soil (cake alum or patent alum). Used to purify Murray River water and clarify fats and oils.
Ambergris@	derived from whale intestines. Hides under the term: Natural Flavour. Berry, fruit, rum, spice and vanilla flavouring in drinks, ice cream, ice blocks, confectionary, baked foods and in perfumes.
Anise, aniseed	Aromatic seed of the parsley family used for flavouring food and drinks
Arachidonic acid@	derived from liver, brain, animal origin gland or oil
Argol	Sediment in wine casks or made from tartaric acid, cream of tartar and malt vinegar.
Arachidonic acid	From liver, brain, animal origin gland or oil.
Aronia	From the berries of the Aronia arbutifolia shrub of North America. A taste expander used in jelly, pudding, powdered deserts, yoghurt, milk desserts, creams, homogenised cheeses, confectionary, crispy cales ice creams, instant drinks.
Ascorbyl palmitate	From synthetic and palm oil as a preservative in baking.
Aspartic acid@	derived from aspartame (see E951, 951). Neurotoxin - destroys brain cells.
Betaine@ Alkyl sulphates Alkyl betaines	Occurs naturally in common beets and other vegetables. The synthetic form is used. Developed by the Germans during World War II when vegetable fats and oils were scarce. Used for colour, dietary supplement, surfactant in foods and drugs, medication for muscle weakness.
Biotin	Found in yeast, liver, egg yolk, milk. Colourless crystalline growth vitamin of the Vitamin B complex found in many plants. Used as a texturiser.
Caffeine	A natural alkaloid in tea, kola nut and coffee. Clearly toxic in high doses,can cause heart palpatations, high blood presurre, vomiting, convulsions, headache, diarrhoea, frequent urination, dehydration, insomnia, stomach cramps, hand tremors, muscle twitches, acts as laxitive, depletes the body's supply of calcium. A mild stimulant in moderation. Children drinking cola drinks may become agitated and appear to have behavioural problems. Used in coffee, cola drinks, baking, cake icing, added to many fizzy soft and sports drinks (eg. orange flavoured, to make it more 'addictive'.
Caprylic acid	From palm oil and coconut oil as a preservative and flavouring.
Caraway seed, oil	Seeds of the Carum carui of central and southern Europe for baking, flavouring for chocolate and coatings.
Cardamon oil	Seeds of the Elattaria cardamon from south India for enhancing flavour of ground coffee, butter, chocolate, liquor, spice and vanilla flavouring.
Casein	Phosphoprotein of milk, which has a molecular structure that is extremely similar to that of gluten; celiac people have to avoid. Found in processed cheese, cheese, dairy products, yoghurt, bread, baking, custard, drinks.
Cassia oil, bark	From leaves and twigs for oil of the Cinnamomum cassia from S.E. Asia. Bark for spice. Oil used for cocoa flavour in biscuits, cakes, drinks and ice cream.
Catalase@	derived from cattle liver
Celery oil	Celery grown in France for flavouring cocoa, chocolate, and other sweets.
Cholesterin@	Claims it assists in control of cholesterol. Used in medications.
Cinnamon	Spice made from bark, may help people with diabetes, may be allergenic. Imitation made from Cassia tree bark - check before you buy.
Citrus Red No.2	Causes cancer in animals and used for dyeing skins of oranges.
Civet@	Derived from civet cat - extract from a gland between the anus and the genital organs and hides under the title of a Natural Flavour. Used as raspberry, butter, caramel, grape and rum flavourings in drinks, ice cream, ice blocks, confectionary, baked food, frozen desserts, chewing gum.
Clove bud oil	Natural essential oil steam-distilled from clove buds (Syzygium atmaticum), may be allergenic.
Colin bitartrate@	Animal origin tissue.
Collagen@	Main structual protein in animal connective tissue.
Enzyme@	A protein that acts as a catalyst in a biochemical reaction. May be from plant or animal sources. Used in amylase, lactase.
Erythritol@	Produced through a fermentation process that begins with dextrose (a simple sugar derived from corn starch), also derived from calf stomach; used as a sweetener for beverages and confectionery products.
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic disodium dihydrate	From acetic acid. Used to pick up minute metal bits (chelating agent). May cause contact dermatitis. May be used in foods and pharmaceuticals.
Ethyl vanillin	A perfume-like artificial vanilla flavouring. It is 3½ times more powerful than the real thing and cheaper. Generally recognised as being safe, so manufacturers use it in soft drinks, ice creams and baked goods.
Evans Blue Cl, Direct Blue 53	Causes contact dermatitis.
FD&C Green No.3 Fast Green	Causes bladder tumours.
FD&C Red No. 102, New Coccine	It is an allergen; not permitted to be used in foods.
FD&C Yellow, No.11	Causes contact dermatitis.
Fructose	Simple sugar carbohydrate (monosaccharide) occours naturally in honey and fresh fruits. Used in cakes, breads, biscuits to make them brown better.
Gentian Violet Cl, Basic Violet No.3	Causes contact dermatitis.
Glucuronolactone, Glucuronic acid	A naturally occurring substance in the body, made in the liver from glucose, helps to stimulate the metabolism and thus helps to detoxify the body. Occurs in plants, mainly in gums. An important constituent of fibrous and connective tissues in all animals.
Glycerides	Components of fats or oils. The most widely used is monoglyceride citrate, although the US FDA imposes strict limits. Used as a stabiliser for sausages. lard, vegetable oils, margarines and shortenings.
Glycogen@	From the liver and muscle where glucose is stored.
Gliadin	Wheat is the first consideration; it is a major ingredient in breads, rolls, pastry, cakes, cookies and most baked products; noodles macaroni and spaghetti are typically made with wheat; celiac people have to avoid.
Guaiacol	Used for decades in compounded products as an expectorant.
Hormone@	A synthetic substance.
Hydrolysed Vegetable Protein (HVP)	cereal gluten; glutens are proteins found in the plant kingdom subclass of monocotyledonae (monocots); these plants are members of the grass family of wheat, oat, barley, rye and triticale and their derivatives, (derivatives include: malt, grain starches, hydrolysed vegetable/plant proteins, textured vegetable proteins, grain vinegars, soy sauce, grain alcohol, flavourings and the binders and fillers found in vitamins and medications.); celiac people have to avoid, celiac disease (also known as celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a chronic disease in which malabsorption of nutrients is caused by a characteristic lesion of the small intestine mucosa; used in smallgoods, packaged convenience foods, gravies and many canned products. It is also present in excipients in pharmaceutical preparations, particularly vitamin and mineral supplements.
Hydrolysed Plant Protein (HPP)	same as HVP. May be MSG, 621.
Keratin@	Derived from nail or hair
Lipid, Lipoid@	An organic compound that is insoluble in water but soluble in an organic solvent.
Lysin-L@ Lysin-DL@	Same as erythritol.
Maltodextrin, Maltrin	A natural complex carbohydrate. May be made from potato or cornstarch and is generally recognised as safe. It's used in foods such as sweets, drinks, beer, ice cream, preserved fruit, milk powder, malted, 'mild', cake, biscuits, bread, and medicines. Industrial uses include: textiles, printing, dying, paper making, casting, petroleum drilling.
Menthol	A crystalline alcohol that occurs mainly in mint oils, has a sharp fragrance and cooling properties of peppermint. May be allergenic.
Methionine@	Derived from protein
Natural fruit flavours	Freeze or vacuum dried concentrate. Given boost from grape juice or synthetic flavour.
Neutral Red	Causes contact dermatitis. Banned in Australia.
Nucleic acid@	Derived from cells
Oleamine, Oleic acid@	High oleic acid soybeans. More than likely to be GM.
Oxysterin@	From glycerides, stearic acid for preventing oil from clouding.
Ox bile or gall	Ox bile used as a preservative and emulsifier for dried egg whites.
Palmitic acid@	From animal or vegetable source to make oil and water blend.
Panthenol@	A vitamin in the B complex, an alcohol converted in the body to pantothenic acid.
Peanut oil, peanuts	Peanut allergy is one of the most common food allergies, and can cause death by food anaphylaxis. About one third of peanut-sensitive patients have severe reactions to peanuts. It can affect a whole range of foods - even foods not using peanut oil but just passed over machinery that had peanut oil product pass over it previously is contaminated sufficiently to cause an allergenic reaction. Severe reactions occur within a few minutes of ingestion. Allergic persons must carry preloaded epinephrine syringes, antihistamines, and medic-alert bracelets.
Peppermint oil	Dried mint leaves used for flavouring. A few drops of peppermint oil deters rats.
Pepsin@	Obtained from pork and beef stomachs to be used as a digestive aid.
Phenylalanine, Phenylanine DANGER TO PKU PERSON	An essential amino acid; the body uses it to produce some hormones (epinephhrine, norepinephrine, thyroxine) and melanin (skin pigment). Dangerous in large quantities. See Aspartame notes. PKU (phenylketonura - a person who cannot metabolise phenylalanine)
Phenylephrine	A decongestant which helps relieve nasal congestion. Side affects are nausea, stomach upset, loss of appetite, nervous, restless, dizzy, headache, chest pain, rapid heart rate, anxiety, fear, difficult or painful urination, sleepless. Used in pharmaceutical and general cold products.
Phospholipide@	Cheese yeast
Polypeptides@	A plain peptide has 2 or more amino acids. A polypeptide has 10 or more amino acids. Formed by partial hydrolysis of proteins or by synthesis of amino acids into chains.
Polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP)	White powder added to beer for removing phenolic compounds, then beer is clear and has long shelf life.
Progesterone@	A steroid hormone made from animals.
Quinine dihydrochloride, Quinine sulphate	A toxic alkaloid extracted from the bark of the Chinchona tree. Side affects include headache, nausea, tinnitus, blurred vision, psoriasis, anaemia, vomiting, jaundice. Used in carbonated beverages, bitters, treatment for malaria.
Rennet@	Cheese yeast derived from calf stomach.
Salicylate	A salt of salicylic acid. Used in the manufacture of aspirin, dyestuffs, sweets, pies, soft drinks, sweet rolls. Large quantities can cause intestinal bleeding, gastric ulcers, asthma like reaction, tinnitus, acid-base imbalance, nervous system disturbances, vomiting, headache, irritability, ketosis, hypoglycemia, convulsions.
Stearate - Sodium and Calcium stearate	A compound of calcium and stearic acid. Used as anti-caking ingredient in some spices (garlic and onion salts) and extensively in tablets. See 570.
Taurine	An amino acid produced by the joining of two amino acids methione and cysteine in the liver with the help of Vitamin B6. Diabetic and hypoglycaemic patients should only use under supervision as it may cause an effect on insulin activity. Large quantities may cause diarrhoea, peptic ulcers. Used in health food supplements dealing with liver problems.
Thermerosal	A dangerous preservative that contains mercury which may be excreted from the body over time. The nervous system is very sensitive to all forms of mercury. High exposures to high levels of metallic, inorganic or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys and developing foetus. Shows up as irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision and hearing, memory problems. Used in vaccines and other medical products. The US FDA estimates used in more than 30 licensed vaccines and other medical products. USA and UK pay damages for proven claims for Thimerosol injury from vaccination. Use safe homoeopathic vaccines instead.
Thiamine (Vitamin B1)	Acts as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, keeps appetite, digestive tract and nervous system healthy. Not stored in the body and must be supplied each day. High doses can cause headache, irritability, rapid pulse, trembling, weakness. Used in meat, fish, poultry, eggs, wholegrain breads, cereals.
Torula	Made from wood sugars as a by-product of the pulping process in papermaking. Allergen for hay fever and asthma sufferers. Torula S is used in baby food and cereals, Torula F is used in feed supplements for cattle, fish, chickens.
Zinc	Essential element for humans, often lacking in soils. Toxic doses of zinc cause vomiting, diarrhoea, restlessness, stomach irritation, depressed immune function, anaemia, reduced HDL colestrol, increase heart attack risk. Found in sunscreen, deodorant, meat, fish, lentils, green leafy vegetables, whole cereals, brewer's yeast, cheese, milk, nuts, sunflower and sesame seeds.

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